Il complesso del colle Oppio, noto come Domus Aurea, si sviluppava in senso est-ovest per una lunghezza di circa 400 metri, ed era articolato in gruppi di ambienti posti intorno a grandi aree aperte.Si ipotizza infatti che il complesso oggi conservato, formato da due settori, continuasse specularmente in direzione est, raggiungendo appunto un’estensione doppia dell’attuale. DOMUS AUREA Dopo l' incendio del 64 d.C., che distrusse gran parte del centro di Roma, l'imperatore Nerone decise di farsi costruire una nuova residenza con le pareti rivestite di marmi pregiati e le volte decorate d'oro e di pietre preziose, tanto da meritare il nome di Domus Aurea. Uno degli aspetti originali di Nerone lo troviamo nella trasposizione delle idee sul lusso nella pratica, per esempio nell’allestimento di migliaia di statue nell’intero complesso della Domus Aurea (e di centinaia nel padiglione sull’Oppio), nell’ingrandimento delle misure di elementi più … [22], Today, one of the best-preserved parts of the Domus Aurea is the block of 50 communal toilets which would have been used by slaves and workers in Nero's time. La Domus Aurea dor- piromania perfino in un programma di A casa di me sottoterra, invisibile a droni masterizzazione: Nero Burning ROM. According to Tripadvisor travelers, these are the best ways to experience Domus Aurea: Nero's Golden Palace: with Colosseum and Ancient City (From $123.54) Nero's Golden House VR tour+ exhibition "Raffaello and the Domus Aurea" (From $64.14) Nero's Golden House virtual reality tour (From $62.39) There were two floors which boasted at least 140 rooms with ceilings up to 11 metres high. [12] This nymphaeum was created against the eastern retaining wall of the podium built to support the Temple of Claudius, which Nero demolished. domus aurea giovedì 15 agosto 2013 Non so quanti di voi lo sanno, ma il nome di Nerone era Lucio Domizio Enobarbo, ossia dalla barba di bronzo/ rossa (I maschi degli Enobarbi, con molta fantasia, o si chiamavano Lucio o Gneo e dato che il padre di Nerone si chiamava Gneo, ecco che a Nerone … Foto: Bridgeman / Aci La Domus Aurea fu progettata come un rus in urbe, ovvero una “villa in città”, con parchi e padiglioni propri delle campagne e della periferia di Roma, ma costruita all’interno della capitale stessa. Most of the structure has disappeared under the foundations of later buildings such as the Baths of Trajan or lies buried. [5][14] Pliny the Elder, however, puts its height at only 30.3 m (106.5 RF). The best preserved part of the complex is the west wing which hints at the sumptuous nature of this one-time pleasure palace. Almost eight years later and the Domus Aurea is finally open to visitors again, albeit it in a restricted and limited fashion. "Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea)." Some of the extravagances of the Domus Aurea had repercussions for the future. [46] The complex was partially reopened on February 6, 2007, but closed on March 25, 2008 because of safety concerns. [49] [22][20] On the site of the lake, in the middle of the palace grounds, Vespasian built the Flavian Amphitheatre, which could be reflooded at will,[33] with the Colossus Neronis beside it. Following Nero's death, and with his successors wishing to distance themselves from this unpopular emperor, the building was abandoned and stripped of much of its precious marble for reuse elsewhere. [4] Contemporary conveniences such as heating pipes have also not been discovered.[22]. 1 talking about this. It replaced and extended his Domus Transitoria that he had built as his first palace complex on the site. Following the devastating fire of 64 CE which had destroyed large areas of the Aventine and Palatine hills, Nero decided to take the opportunity to build a huge new palace. When the whole magnificent project was finally finished Nero declared with satisfaction: 'Now I can begin to live like a human being'. 05 Jan 2021. [36], During renovation works on the Palatine Hill at the end of 2018, experts stumbled upon a barrel-vaulted room richly decorated with panthers, centaurs, the god Pan, and a sphinx, believed to have been built between 65 and 68 AD. The frescoes' effect on Renaissance artists was instant and profound (it can be seen most obviously in Raphael's decoration for the loggias in the Vatican), and the white walls, delicate swags, and bands of frieze—framed reserves containing figures or landscapes—have returned at intervals ever since, notably in late 18th century Neoclassicism,[42] making Famulus one of the most influential painters in the history of art. [14], The extensive gold leaf that gave the villa its name was not the only extravagant element of its decor: stuccoed ceilings were faced with semi-precious stones and ivory veneers, while the walls were frescoed, coordinating the decoration into different themes in each major group of rooms. Documentario: LA DOMUS AUREA - Il palazzo di Nerone - YouTube When a young Roman inadvertently fell through a cleft in the Esquiline hillside at the end of the 15th century, he found himself in a strange cave or grotto filled with painted figures. Le fiamme, a quanto pare, raggiunsero anche la dimora dell'imperatore, così da costringerlo alla costruzione di una nuova casa: la Domus Aurea ("casa d'oro"). L’imperatore decise di costruire questa vasta struttura dopo il grande incendio di Roma nel 64 d.C., che distrusse la sua casa sul Palatino. The main artist was Famulus (or Fabulus according to some sources). On entering Domus Aurea for the first time, Roman writer Svetonio documents Nero as saying: Great! [9][10], To supply his lake in the valley between the Palatine, Oppian, and Caelian, Nero diverted water from the Aqua Claudia by a specially built branch aqueduct known as the Arcus Neroniani. Related Content [11] This extended 2 kilometers west from the Claudia to the southern side of the Caelian Hill, from where it was distributed to an enormous nymphaeum on the eastern side of the hill and ultimately to the lake. Un vero e proprio viaggio nella storia.Questa è l’esperienza che promette, e che regala, la Società Cooperativa Culture all’interno della Domus Aurea. Nero took great interest in every detail of the project, according to Tacitus,[2] and oversaw the engineer-architects, Celer and Severus, who were also responsible for the attempted navigable canal with which Nero hoped to link Misenum with Lake Avernus.[3][4]. Discovering art through the decay time Ancient History Encyclopedia. [1] The Baths of Trajan,[1][34] and the Temple of Venus and Rome were also built on the site. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. The octagonal hall led to rooms on five sides, each of which had a waterfall running down their back wall. [32], It was a severe embarrassment to Nero's successors as a symbol of decadence and it was stripped of its marble, jewels, and ivory within a decade. Indice. https://www.ancient.eu/article/661/. [20][19] Hadrian moved it, with the help of the architect Decrianus and 24 elephants,[21] to a position next to the Flavian Amphitheater. The main gateway also included a massive 30 metre high gilt-bronze statue of Nero as the sun god and the palace was surrounded by vast landscape gardens covering 125 acres which were further expanded by parklands and a lake. Nero's Golden House (the Domus Aurea) in Rome was a sumptuous palace complex which played host to the wild parties of one of Rome's most notorious emperors. Fu così creata la Domus Aurea (casa dorata), la splendida villa urbana di Nerone articolata in vari padiglioni, di cui il principale collocato sul colle Oppio e decorato con affreschi opera di Celere e Severo, due tra i pochi pittori romani di cui ci sia giunto il nome. Pliny the Elder presents Amulius [28] as one of the principal painters of the domus aurea: Domus Aurea - Nero's House, Rome, Italy - visitor information. [5], The Domus Aurea complex covered parts of the slopes of the Palatine, Oppian, and Caelian hills,[6] with an artificial lake in the marshy valley. Fase storica della costruzione. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. [39] Heavy rain was blamed in the collapse of a chunk of ceiling. "Nero's Golden House (Domus Aurea)." La storia: l'incendio di Roma; La storia: la costruzione della Domus; La storia: la damnatio memoriae; Le meraviglie della Domus; Il destino della Domus dopo Nerone; Il padiglione del colle Oppio; La Sala Ottagonale; Le decorazioni; Le opere d'arte; Bibliografia One of these was the 'room of the Golden Vault' with its gilded ceiling, marble panelling and grand picture from Greek mythology of Zeus abducting Ganymede. For the construction of the palace Nero turned to the architect Severus and the en… [14] The main palace building was on the Esquiline Hill. "More recently, lived Amulius, a grave and serious personage, but a painter in the florid style. [39] Beside the graffiti signatures of later tourists, like Casanova and the Marquis de Sade scratched into a fresco inches apart (British Archaeology June 1999),[27] are the autographs of Domenico Ghirlandaio, Martin van Heemskerck, and Filippino Lippi. Il cantiere della Domus Aurea è visitabile con degli innovativi interventi multimediali nella prospettiva di valorizzazione scientifica del cantiere di restauro. By this artist there was a Minerva, which had the appearance of always looking at the spectators, from whatever point it was viewed. Such devices are mentioned elsewhere in both earlier and later Roman buildings and excavations have revealed evidence that water may have powered this wonderful entertainment for Nero's guests. Se provassimo a cer- Il sogno della Domus Aurea durò quat- carla su google map, non po- tro anni. Bibliography The swiftness of Famulus's execution gives a wonderful unity and astonishing delicacy to his compositions. [50] Tra i monumenti più importanti del periodo di Nerone è la Domus aurea, sul Colle Oppio, vasto complesso di edifici, fra i … He only painted a few hours each day, and then with the greatest gravity, for he always kept the toga on, even when in the midst of his implements. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/661/. According to some accounts, perhaps embellished by Nero's political enemies, on one occasion such quantities of rose petals were dropped that one unlucky guest was asphyxiated (a similar story is told of the emperor Elagabalus). Cartwright, Mark. So too, the gardens were built over and the great lake was drained and the Colosseum built on top. [16] This statue may have represented Nero as the sun god Sol, as Pliny saw some resemblance. Venne costruita in poco più di quattro anni, a testimonianza del potere dell’imperatore e della sua gloria e venne decorata dal celebre pittore Fabullus. Celer and Severus also created an ingenious mechanism, cranked by slaves, that made the ceiling underneath the dome revolve like the heavens, while perfume was sprayed and rose petals were dropped on the assembled diners. The west wing, for example, had one rectangular courtyard surrounded by no fewer than 50 banquet rooms. Nel 64 d.C. un vastissimo incendio, che si sviluppò nella zona del Circo Massimo e raggiunse la vetta dell’Esquilino, distrusse la maggior parte del centro di Roma. Nerone iniziò la costruzione della Domus Aurea dopo il grande incendio del 64 d.C., espropriando le vastissime aree che erano state danneggiate dalle fiamme e realizzando un progetto vasto circa 80 ettari. Its walls were decked with gold and precious stones, giving it the name the Domus Aurea or Golden House. – Svetonio, Nerone, 31.2. L'imperatore Nerone, prima di far erigere la Domus Aurea, aveva già fatto costruire la Domus Transitoria, per collegare le tenute imperiali del Palatino con gli Horti Maecenatis sull'Esquilino, che però bruciò interamente nel grande incendio del 68.Ne sono stati rinvenuti dei resti sotto la Domus … [23] There were pools in the floors and fountains splashing in the corridors. Al posto di quest’ultima Nerone affidò agli architetti Severus e Celer la costruzione di una nuova, ampia e lussuosa villa: la Domus Aurea. Besides using the finest marble and decoration such as fine wall-painting and gilded colonnades, the building was also a technical marvel with soaring domes, revolving ceilings, ornamental fountains and even waterfalls running down the walls. "[29], The Domus Aurea was probably never completed. Suetonius claims this of Nero and the Domus Aurea: When the edifice was finished in this style and he dedicated it, he deigned to say nothing more in the way of approval than that he had at last begun to live like a human being. To have enough space for the project the emperor - already unpopular due to accusations of a slow response to the fire and even possibly having started it - seized large areas of land owned by aristocrats and even carved into the Oppian hillside in the building's rear. La Domus Aurea, la "Casa Dorata", fu costruita dall'imperatore Nerone dopo il grande incendio che devastò Roma nel 64. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. This dome and, in general, the use of concrete for vaulting in the building were innovations which would become common features of later Roman architecture. Secondo Svetonio, Nerone avrebbe assistito all'incendio di Roma proprio da una torre nei giardini di Mecenate. [1] It was an early use of Roman concrete construction. Cite This Work Faceva parte della Domus Aurea nell'area del vestibolo e dello stagno.Era costituita da un padiglione indipendente, fatto costruire da Nerone dopo il grande incendio di Roma del 64.In seguito fu demolita e sull'area venne prima costruito l'anfiteatro Flavio, sotto Vespasiano, e poi il tempio di Venere e Roma, da Adriano.Si trattava della parte pubblica della nuova residenza neroniana. Nearby was the 'room of Achilles on Skyros' with marble and painted stucco walls. No kitchens or latrines have been discovered. Pliny, in his Natural History, recounts how Famulus went for only a few hours each day to the Golden House, to work while the light was best. The upper story is much more difficult to reconstruct due to the lack of surviving evidence. The architects designed two of the principal dining rooms to flank an octagonal court, surmounted by a dome with a giant central oculus to let in light. The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped palace built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city and the aristocratic villas on the Palatine Hill.[1]. [13], Nero also commissioned from the Greek Zenodorus a colossal 35.5 m (120 RF) high bronze statue of him, the Colossus Neronis. Construction began after the great fire of 64 and was nearly completed before Nero's death in 68, a remarkably short time for such an enormous project. Domus Aurea di Nerone, scoperta dopo 2.000 anni la Sala della Sfinge. [19] The face of the statue was modified shortly after Nero’s death during Vespasian’s reign to make it truly a statue of Sol. Cartwright, Mark. Some scholars place it at more than 300 acres (1.2 km2),[7] while others estimate its size to have been less than 100 acres (0.40 km2). The Domus Aurea (Latin, "Golden House") was a vast landscaped palace built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome after the great fire in 64 AD had destroyed a large part of the city and the aristocratic villas on the Palatine Hill. A small part of the upper story of the octagonal court survives which has a light-well to provide light to the floor below, two small courtyards with fountains, and a colonnade running along one side of a large ornamental pool. This building took the name "Colosseum" in the Middle Ages, after the statue nearby, or, as some historians believe, because of the sheer size of the building. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Its size can only be approximated, as much of it has not been excavated. Suetonius also describes gem-encrusted walls, ivory and mother-of-pearl decorations, and ceilings which showered guests with flowers and perfumes. Ancient History Encyclopedia. La Domus Aurea. Following the devastating fire of 64 CE which had destroyed large areas of the Aventine and Palatine hills, Nero decided to take the opportunity to build a huge new palace. What did the Domus Aurea look like? Web. Discovery led to the arrival of moisture starting the slow, inevitable process of decay; humidity sometimes reaches 90% inside the Domus. [48], Sixty square metres (645 square feet) of the vault of a gallery collapsed on March 30, 2010. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Una visita ad un cantiere in continuo restauro, dopo che i resti di questa enorme villa antica appartenuta a Nerone sono stati … Paradoxically, this ensured the wall paintings' survival by protecting them from moisture.[35][22][36]. Le foto dell'eccezionale ritrovamento a Roma. Roman Emperor Neroby cjh1452000 (CC BY-SA). The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 01 Mar 2014. Domus Aurea, la Casa d’oro di Nerone Sala ottagonale, Domus Aurea, Roma. Domus Aurea L’imperatore Nerone dopo il devastante incendio del 64 d.C., che distrusse gran parte del centro di Roma, iniziò la costruzione di una nuova residenza, che per sfarzo e grandiosità passò alla storia con il nome di Domus Aurea. Within 40 years, the palace was completely obliterated. One innovation was destined to have an enormous influence on the art of the future: Nero placed mosaics, previously restricted to floors, in the vaulted ceilings. [8] Suetonius describes the complex as "ruinously prodigal" as it included groves of trees, pastures with flocks, vineyards, and an artificial lake—rus in urbe, "countryside in the city". Domus aurea, la sala segreta della Sfinge di Nerone: straordinaria scoperta, le prime foto Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. [30] Otho[31] and possibly Titus allotted money to finish at least the structure on the Oppian Hill; this continued to be inhabited until it was destroyed in a fire under Trajan in 104 AD. La storia degli scavi della " Domus Aurea " inizia nel XVI secolo, quando artisti ed appassionati di antichità si calano dall'alto dei giardini delle Terme di Traiano nelle "grotte" di Nerone, per copiare i motivi decorativi a fresco ed a stucco delle volte. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. All of these wonderful features and their accompanying array of sun-courts, sitting rooms, access corridors and service rooms were probably repeated, or at least matched, in the East wing, the two being joined by a huge colonnade, possibly with two levels. Altre definizioni per aurea: La Domus fatta costruire da Nerone, Lo è una moneta d'oro, Un attributo... della mediocrità Altre definizioni con nerone: La Domus reggia di Nerone; Imperò dopo Nerone; Assassino... come Nerone. It also carried a mosaic depicting the Cyclops Polyphemus. [43] The presence of trees in the park above the Domus Aurea is likely causing further damage, as tree roots are slowly sinking into the walls, damaging the ceiling and frescoes; chemical compounds released from these roots are provoking additional deterioration. When Raphael and Michelangelo crawled underground and were let down shafts to study them, the paintings were a revelation of the true world of antiquity. Submitted by Mark Cartwright, published on 01 March 2014 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Roma Città del Lazio, capitale della Repubblica Italiana; capoluogo di regione e città metropolitana (Comune di 1.287,36 km2 [...] le caratteristiche proprie italiche. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Domus Aurea Nerone non nacque a Roma, ma ad Azio nel 37 d.C., figlio di Agrippina Minore che in seconde nozze sposò Claudio. There was a large octagonal room with a concrete dome, probably originally covered in glass mosaic. Frescoes covered every surface that was not more richly finished. La Domus Aurea (“casa d’oro”, in latino) era una villa costruita dall’imperatore romano Nerone. Come implementazione rispetto ai precedenti anni, è stato realizzato un progetto site specific di realtà immersiva e video racconto. Only fragments have survived,[24] but that technique was to be copied extensively, eventually ending up as a fundamental feature of Christian art: the apse mosaics that decorate so many churches in Rome, Ravenna, Sicily, and Constantinople. [51], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}41°53′29″N 12°29′43″E / 41.89139°N 12.49528°E / 41.89139; 12.49528, This article is about the Roman Villa. [9], The Golden House was designed as a place of entertainment, as shown by the presence of 300 rooms without any sleeping quarters. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. The principal entrance was along the via Sacra coming from the Forum. Yet another large hall had a 13 metre high vaulted ceiling made out to look like a cave by covering it with pumice stone. [27][20] Fresco technique, working on damp plaster, demands a speedy and sure touch: Famulus and assistants from his studio covered a spectacular amount of wall area with frescoes. Domus Aurea’s extensive decorative gold leaf dazzled in the sun. [44], Increasing concerns about the condition of the building and the safety of visitors resulted in its closing at the end of 2005 for further restoration work. Grandiosa e fragilissima, la Domus Aurea chiusa nel 2006 per il pericolo di crolli e cedimenti strutturali, è stata riaperta al pubblico con un percorso di visite guidate articolate in quindici tappe che illustrano i progressi del cantiere e includono anche l’ala occidentale del padiglione, svelando ambienti non accessibili fino ad oggi. [14] Soon the young artists of Rome were having themselves let down on boards knotted to ropes to see for themselves. The Golden Palace of Nero was the prison-house of this artist's productions, and hence it is that there are so few of them to be seen elsewhere. Domus Aureaby Wikipedia user: Pufacz (CC BY-SA). [40], It was even claimed that various classical artworks found at this time—such as the Laocoön and his Sons and Venus Kallipygos[41]—were found within or near the Domus's remains, though this is now accepted as unlikely (high quality artworks would have been removed—to the Temple of Peace, for example—before the Domus was covered over with earth).[41]. Cartwright, M. (2014, March 01). La Domus Aurea è la “casa d’oro” dello stravagante e un po’ paranoico Imperatore Nerone (37-68 d.C.) inserita nella lista dei Patrimoni dell’umanità dall’UNESCO nel 1980 e tra le cose da vedere assolutamente quando si visita Roma! Ed è una meraviglia. [6][20] Unfortunately, many of these trees cannot be uprooted without damaging the Domus. Aveva già fatto costruire la Domus Transitoria, per collegare le tenute imperiali del Palatino con gli Horti Maecenatis sull'Esquilino, che però bruciò interamente. [22] A pilot project is in the works to replace the current park above the Domus, enlarged during Mussolini's regime,[45] with a lighter roof garden planted with the type of flowers described by Pliny, Columella, and other ancient writers. Finally, I can start to live like a human being! For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. In Medieval times the site became overgrown and was used to grow vegetables and vines, a tranquil contrast for what was once the site of Imperial Rome's most raucous and debauched partying. Rooms sheathed in dazzling polished white marble had richly varied floor plans, complete with niches and exedras that concentrated or dispersed the daylight. Domus Aurea: la residenza dorata di Nerone Colle Oppio, Colosso di Nerone, Domus Aurea, Nerone Nata sulle ceneri della “Domus Transitoria” dopo il devastante incendio del 64 d.C., la Domus Aurea doveva rappresentare tutta la magnificenza e l’importanza dell’imperatore Nerone.